Python

Es un lenguage interpretado, pensado (originalmente) para scripting.

Al igual que JavaScript y BASH, procesa todo en lote y llama a funciones especificamente si son convocadas de forma explícita.

Comentarios

Los comentarios son con "#"

Math Operators

From highest to lowest precedence:

OperatorsOperationExample
**Exponent2 ** 3 = 8
%Modulus/Remainder22 % 8 = 6
//Integer division22 // 8 = 2
/Division22 / 8 = 2.75
*Multiplication3 * 3 = 9
-Subtraction5 - 2 = 3
+Addition2 + 2 = 4
>>> 2 + 3 * 6
# 20

>>> (2 + 3) * 6
# 30

>>> 2 ** 8
#256

>>> 23 // 7
# 3

>>> 23 % 7
# 2

>>> (5 - 1) * ((7 + 1) / (3 - 1))
# 16.0

Augmented Assignment Operators

OperatorEquivalent
var += 1var = var + 1
var -= 1var = var - 1
var *= 1var = var * 1
var /= 1var = var / 1
var //= 1var = var // 1
var %= 1var = var % 1
var **= 1var = var ** 1
>>> greeting = 'Hello'
>>> greeting += ' world!'
>>> greeting
# 'Hello world!'

>>> number = 1
>>> number += 1
>>> number
# 2

>>> my_list = ['item']
>>> my_list *= 3
>>> my_list
# ['item', 'item', 'item']

Walrus Operator

The Walrus Operator allows assignment of variables within an expression while returning the value of the variable

>>> print(my_var:="Hello World!")
# 'Hello world!'

>>> my_var="Yes"
>>> print(my_var)
# 'Yes'

>>> print(my_var:="Hello")
# 'Hello'

Concatenation and Replication

String concatenation

>>> 'Alice' 'Bob'
# 'AliceBob'

String replication:

>>> 'Alice' * 5
# 'AliceAliceAliceAliceAlice'

Variables

You can name a variable anything as long as it obeys the following rules:

It can be only one word.

>>> # good
>>> var = 'Hello'
>>> my_var_2 = 'Hello'

# It can’t begin with a number.

>>> 23_var = 'hello'

# Variable name starting with an underscore (_) are considered as “unuseful”.

>>> _spam = 'Hello'

Condicionales

if

if name == 'Debora':
   print('Hi Debora!')
elif name == 'George':
   print('Hi George!')
else:
   print('Who are you?')


print('kid' if age < 18 else 'adult')

Si se necesita saber si una variable está vacia o no, no se debe usar "len([variable])" si no un simpĺe "if [variable]" y ya se evaluará por si mismo.

Funciones comunes

Imprimir en pantalla

print("[texto]", [variable], [modificador])

  • El modificador "end=[letra]" permite añadir [letra] al final de cada palabra en la iteración del cilo "while", "for", etc.
  • El modificador "sep=[letra]" permite añadir [letra] como separador de cada palabra en la iteración del cilo "while", "for", etc.

Imprimir variable sin texto previo

print(f'{[variable]}')

Tomar la entrada - input

Por defecto no llama al input directo, si no que esa variable debe ser impresa y ahí se ejecuta el input

[variable_store] = input("[texto a mostrar en el input]")

print(f'{[variable]}')

Largos - length

  • Largo de caracteres
len('hello')
# 5
  • Largo de una tupla
len(['cat', 3, 'dog'])
# 3